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拓展精練 （47）
理解（共25小題。第一節(jié)每小題2分，第二節(jié)每小題1分；滿(mǎn)分45分）
第一節(jié) 下列短文，從所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、Ｂ、Ｃ和Ｄ）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答案填在答題卡上。
A
People in the United States honor their parents with two special days: Mother’s Day, on the second Sunday in May, and Father’s Day, on the third Sunday in June. These days are set aside to show love and respect for parents. They raise their children and educate them to be responsible citizens. They give love and care. These two days offer a chance to think about the changing roles of mothers and fathers. More mothers now work outside the home. More fathers must help with child-care.
These two special days are celebrated in many different ways. On Mother’s Day people wear carnations. A. red one stands for a living mother. A. white one shows that the mother is dead. Many people attend religious services（宗教儀式）to honor parents. It is also a day when people whose parents are dead visit their graves. On these days, families get together at home and in restaurants. They often have outdoor BBQs for Father’s Day. These are days of fun and good feelings and memories.
Another tradition is to give cards and gifts. Children make them in school. Many people make their own presents. These are valued more than the ones bought in stores. It is not the value of the gift that is important, but it is “the thought that counts”. Greeting card stores, florists, candy makers, bakeries, telephones companies and other stores do a lot of business during these holidays.
1. Which is NOT a reason for children to show love and respect for parents?
A. Parents bring childrenB. Parents give love and care to children
C. Parents educate children to be good persons.
D. Parents pass away before children grow up
2. What do you know from the passage?
A. Mother’s Day and Father’s Day are both in May.
B. Fewer women worked outside the home in the past
C. Not all the children respect their parents
D. Fathers are not as important as mothers at home
3. Which do you think is right about “carnation”?
A. It only has two kinds of color.
B. It is a special kind of clothes people wear on Mother’s Day or Father’s Day.
C. It’s a kind of flower showing love and best wishes.
D. People can wear carnations only on the second Sunday in May.
4. What do you think “florists” do?
A. They sell flowersB. They made bread or pastry
C. They offer enough room for having family parties.
D. They sell special clothes for Mother’s Day and Father’s Day.
B
Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time; if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people’s. In the same way, children learn to do all the other things without being taught to walk, run, climb, whistle, ride a bicycle…They compare their own performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes and correct them for himself. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake. If it is a matter in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time in such routine（日常的）work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can’t find the way to get the right answer. Let the children learn what all educated persons must some day learn, how to measure their own understanding, how to know what he does not know.
5. According to the passage, the best way for children to learn things is by_____.
A. listening to skilled people’s advice. B. asking older people many questions
C. making mistakes and having them correctedD. doing what other people do
6. Which of the following does the writer think teachers should NOT do?.
A. Give children correct answersB. Allow children to mark mistakes.
C. Point out children’s mistakes to them. D. Let children mark their own work
7. According to the writer, teachers in school should _____
A. allow children to learn from each other
B. point out children’s mistakes whenever found
C. correct children’s mistakes as soon as possible
D. give children more book knowledge
8. The passage suggests that learning to speak and learning to ride a bicycle are____
A. different from learning other skillsB. the same as learning skills
C. more important than other skills D. not really important skills
C
I entered high school having read hundreds of books. But I was not a good reader. Merely bookish, I lacked a point of view when I read. Rather, I read in order to get a point of view. I searched books for good expressions and sayings, pieces of information, ideas, themes—anything to enrich my thought and make me feel educated. When one of my teachers suggested to his sleepy tenth-grade English class that a person could not have a “complicated idea” until he had read at least two thousand books, I heard the words without recognizing either its irony（嘲諷）or its very complicated truth. I merely determined to make a list of all the books I had ever read. Strict with myself, I included only once a title I might have read several times.（How, after all, could one read a book more than once?）And I included only those books over a hundred pages in length.（Could anything shorter be a book?）
There was yet another high school list I made. One day I came across a newspaper article about an English professor at a nearby state college. The article had a list of the “hundred most important books of Western Civilization.” “More than anything else in my life,” the professor told the reporter with finality（firmly）, “these books have made me all that I am.” That was the kind of words I couldn’t ignore. I kept the list for the several months it took me to read all of the titles. Most books, of course, I hardly understood. While reading Plato's The Republic, for example, I needed to keep looking at the introduction of the book to remind myself what the text was about. However, with the special patience and superstition（迷信）of a schoolboy, I looked at every word of the text. And by the time I reached the last word, pleased, I persuaded myself that I had read The Republic, and seriously crossed Plato off my list
9. On hearing the teacher's suggestion of reading, the writer thought _______.
A. one must read as many books as possible
B. a student should not have a complicated idea
C. it was impossible for one to read two thousand books
D. students ought to make a list of the books they had read
10. While at high school, the writer _______.
A. had plans for reading B. learned to educate himself
C. only read books over 100 pages D. read only one book several times
11. The writer's purpose in mentioning The Republic is to _______.
A. explain why it was included in the list
B. describe why he seriously crossed it off the list
C. show that he read the books blindly though they were hard to understand
D. prove that he understood most of it because he had looked at every word
12. The writer provides two book lists to _______.
A. show how he developed his point of view
B. tell his reading experience at high school
C. introduce the two persons' reading methods
D. explain that he read many books at high school
D
Are some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience? Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of person’s intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.
It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from population, it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely different. If, on the other hand, we take two identical twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.
Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence.
13. The writer is in favor of the view that man’s intelligence is given to him____________.
A. at birth B. through education
C. both at birth and through education D. neither at birth nor through education
14. If a child is born with low intelligence, he can_____________________.
A. become a genius
B. still become a genius if he should be given special education
C. not reach his intelligence in his life.
D. reach his intelligence limits in rich surroundings
15. The example of the twins going to a university and to a factory separately shows_________.
A. the importance of their intelligence B. the role of environment on intelligence
C. the importance of their positions D. the part that birth plays
16. The best title of the passage can be _______________.
A. Surroundings B. Effect of education
C. Dependence on Environment D. Intelligence
E
What is the color of the universe? Astronomers had not answered this question until two months ago. That is when two American astronomers reported on their study of all the light in the universe. They said that the universe would appear to the human eyes to be a light greenish color.
Karl Glazebrook and Ivan Baldry of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, reported their finding in January. They presented the research at a meeting of the American Astronomical Society. They said that finding the color of the universe was not part of their more serious scientific research. They did it for fun.
However, earlier this month, the scientists admitted making a mistake. They said their finding was much more colorful than it should have been. They now say the light from our universe is closer to white. It is more like a milky or creamy white color.
Their study attempted to show what people might see if they could observe the universe from far away. The scientists found the average color by combining light from about two-hundred-thousand star systems. Their information came from an observatory in New South Wales, Australia.
The scientists gave a number value to the colors of the different star systems. Then they added the numbers together and found the average measurement. The scientists used this average to identify the color of the universe. They said it was a very pretty light green. Many newspapers and television stations reported their finding.
Other scientists and color engineers attempted to reproduce the result. Mark Fairchild of the Rochester Institute discovered a mistake in the computer software program used by the Johns Hopkins scientists.
When the mistake was corrected, the results changed. The new color of the universe is much less colorful. It is very close to white.
17.The color of the universe is _______.
A．close to whiteB．blackC．blueD．light greenish
18.The two scientists found the color of the universe by _______.
A．combining light from about 200,000 star systems
B．observing at an observatory in India
C．making long-term scientific research
D．using computer software programs
19.Who found the true color of the universe?
A．Karl Glazebrook. B．Ivan Baldry.C．Mark FairchildD．Johns Hopkins..
20.This passage mainly tells us _______.
A．what the color of the universe is
B．the light from our universe is a light greenish color
C．the new color of the universe is much more colorful
D．the finding of the color of the universe is difficult
V第二節(jié)：根據(jù)對(duì)話(huà)內(nèi)容，從對(duì)話(huà)后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余的選項(xiàng).
A; 21 :
B; Only once. I went to see my uncle who lives in Guangzhou. I found it so interesting and so different from Hong Kong.
A: 22
B; No. Nearly everyone rides a bike. There are more cars in Guangzhou than in most other Chinese cities, but still far fewer than here.
A; Riding bikes can keep people healthy.
B; 23 It's certainly better exercise than sitting in a car.
A: They must have many buses in Guangzhou, too. don't they?
B; 24 It's very noisy in the rush hours when people are coming and going from work. The ringing of bike bells and the bust's blowing the horns( 喇叭) make a terrible noise.
A: 25
A. How often do you go to China?
B. I was told there aren't many cars.
C. Have you ever been to China?
D. It can't be much noisier than Hong K
E. Of course they do.
F. I don' t think so.
G. I suppose it does.
參考答案
1— 5 DBCAC 6—10 CABAA 11—15 CBCDB
16—20 DADCA


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