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預(yù)習(xí)與檢測

一，翻譯以下短語：
1.以某人的觀點_____（in one's opinion ）
2.為婦女權(quán)利而斗爭______fight for the women's rights）
3.獲得醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)位_______（receive a medical degree ）
4.開辦一所醫(yī)院_______（open a hospital）
5. 在某方面有經(jīng)驗_________（be experienced in ）
6.保護... 免遭..._______（ protect...from...）
7. 對...滿意_______（be content with ）
8. 就...達成協(xié)議_______（agree on sth.）
9. 某人花時間/錢做某事_______（ sb spend time/money in doing sth）
10.常試做某事________（try doing sth.）
二，用所給的首字母填詞
1. His father is an a______.which many young students desire in the sky.
答案： astronaut
2. Their houses were destroyed completely by floods last month, so they became h____.
答案：homeless
3. His uncle loved him very much, but u_____ he died last night.
答案：unfortunately
4. P______, TV is a very useful invention.
答案：Personally
5. They are s_____ for their rights.
答案：struggling

知識探究
一.重點單詞
1．revolution n．
1)革命 ;(思維等的)變革
The invention caused a revolution in learning.
這項發(fā)明導(dǎo)致了學(xué)習(xí)上的革命.
2) 革命運動
The American Revolution gave independence to the Colonies.
美國獨立戰(zhàn)爭使十三個州得到了獨立。
3)革命性劇變,大變革 (+in)
The automobile caused a revolution in our way of traveling.
汽車使旅行的方式發(fā)生了根本性的變化。
拓展:
revolutionary adj／n．革命的; 重大變革的;革命者
revolutionize v. 使完全變革
運用：選擇填空
Genetic engineering will have _____consequences for mankind.
A. revolution B. revolutionary C. revolutionize D. revolutions
答案： B 此處應(yīng)該填形容詞�！案锩�的”。
2．experience n．
　　［U］經(jīng)驗
　　He has no experience in teaching.
　　他在教書方面沒有經(jīng)驗。
　�。跜］經(jīng)歷
　　Please tell me about your experiences in Japan.
　　請告訴我你在日本的經(jīng)歷。
　　vt．經(jīng)歷，感受
　　We have experienced a lot of difficulties.
　　 我們經(jīng)歷了很多困難。
　　拓展：(1)experienced adj.有經(jīng)驗的，老練的
　　He is very experienced in teaching.
　　他在方面有經(jīng)驗。
(2) learn from experience 從經(jīng)驗中學(xué)習(xí)
(3) in one's experience 以某人的經(jīng)驗
(4) be experienced in 在某方面有經(jīng)驗
運用： 選擇填空
(1)Jumping out of ____airplane at ten thousand feet is a quite _____ exciting experience.
A. /; the B. /; an C.an; an D.the; the
答案：C 空后的名詞都是以元音開頭的單詞。
(2) Tom is experienced ____ repairing cars.
A. in B. on C.by D. with
答案： A be experienced in 在某方面有經(jīng)驗
3．continue
　　vt．You must continue your study.
　　你必須繼續(xù)你的學(xué)習(xí)。
　　The girl continued to play／playing the piano.
　　那女孩繼續(xù)彈鋼琴。
　 vi. The weather continued cold.
　　天氣持續(xù)寒冷。
　拓展：
(1） continuation n. 繼續(xù)，持續(xù)
(2) continuous adj．連續(xù)的，不斷的
(3) continuity n.連續(xù)性
(4)“ 繼續(xù)做某事”的表達有：go on doing , keep (on) doing ,continue to do,
continue doing ,continue sth.
運用：選擇填空
(1) After finishing the text, he ____ the exercise.
A. went on reading B. continued to read C. went on with reading D. kept on to read
答案：B A 與 C都是指做同一件事。沒有D這種形式。
(2) I am sorry to keep you _____outside for such a long time.
A.to wait B.from waiting C.wait D.waiting
答案：D keep sb. from doing sth.為“阻止某人做某事”，
keep sb. doing sth.使某人一直處于什么狀態(tài)。
4．protect vt．保護
　　We must protect the lives and property of the people.
　　我們必須保護人民的生命財產(chǎn)。
　拓展：
(1)protection n.保護 environmental protection 環(huán)境保護
(2) protect...from... 保護... 免遭...
Protect eyes from the sun.
保護眼睛不要讓陽光照射。
運用：翻譯下列句子
(1)他抬起胳臂護住臉以免受擊打。
答案：He put up his arms to protect his face from the blow.
(2) 保護環(huán)境是我們的責(zé)任。
答案：Protecting environment is our duty.
5．view n．觀點，見解；v.（尤其指出于興趣） 觀看，參觀
　　His view of life is different from yours.
　　他對生活的見解與你的不一樣。
Many people came to view the garden every year.
每年有很多人來參觀這花園。
拓展：
(1) in one's view = in one's opinion
(2)in view of 由于，鑒于
(3) opinion和view比較
　　view 指個人的觀點，看法，常常強調(diào)個人的成分。
　　opinion 泛指對事物的 看法或意見，適用于個人的判斷或較權(quán)威的評論。
　　 I can't give an opinion till l have heard all the details.
　　我在聽完所有的細節(jié)以后才能發(fā)表意見。
　　That is my view of life．那是我的人生觀。
運用 ：選擇填空
I didn't want to hurt you when I was expressing my _____ in our discussion.
A. thanks B.advices C.congratulations D.opinions
答案：D give /express one's opinions on 是對...發(fā)表意見
6．content n.
1)書籍、演說中的）內(nèi)容，要旨
　　 I don't like the content of the book.
我不喜歡這本書的內(nèi)容。
2)書的）目錄
　　I glanced the over the contents of the book.
我把目錄大體看了一遍。
3)成分
　　Apples have a high vitamin C content.
蘋果富含維生素C。
4) 滿意，滿足
　　They live in peace and content.
　他們過著安寧而滿足的生活。
拓展：(1) content adj．滿足的，愿意的
(2) be content with對...滿意
(3) be content to do sth. 樂意/甘愿做某事
(4) to one's heart's content 心滿意足地，盡情地
(5) content oneself with 滿足于
　　 We are not content with the achievements.
　　 我們不能滿足于此成就。
　　 I am content to help him.
　　 我很高興幫助他。
運用：選擇填空
Beginners are expected to be familiar with the ____ of the reading material
before they come to the class.
A. condition B.concept C.contest D.content（2005年上海市春季高考題）
答案 ： D 課前所了解的應(yīng)該是“內(nèi)容”而不是“條件”或“比賽”。
7. found vt. 建立,創(chuàng)立, 創(chuàng)辦
This business company was founded in 1724.
這家商業(yè)公司建立于1724年。
拓展：
found 的詞形變化:
過去分詞 founded； 現(xiàn)在分詞 founding； 第三人稱單數(shù) founds。
find （發(fā)現(xiàn)），它的過去式和過去分詞都是 found ,現(xiàn)在分詞是finding,三單是finds。
運用：翻譯下列句子
（1) 古羅馬人在整個歐洲建立了殖民地( colony).
答案： The ancient Romans founded their colonies all over Europe.
（2)該居民點建立于1602年.
This settlement was founded in 1602.
（3）他們在一口井里找到了丟失的財寶。
答案：They found the lost treasure in a well.
（4） 我發(fā)覺退休后很難建立起新的生活規(guī)律( routine)。
答案：I found it difficult to establish a new routine after retirement.
8. equal adj. 相等的, 平等的, 勝任的
She feels equal to the task.
她認為能勝任該項工作。
Women demand equal pay for equal work.
婦女要求同工同酬。
拓展：
n. 對手, 匹敵, 同輩

He feels that they are his equals.
他覺得他們和他地位相等。
v. 等于, 比得上
None of us can equal her, either in beauty or as a dancer.
不管是容貌還是舞藝我們都比不上她。
詞形變化:
副詞:equally 動詞過去式:equaled/equalled 過去分詞:equaled/equalled 現(xiàn)在分詞:equaling/equalling 第三人稱單數(shù):equals/equalls
運用：翻譯下列句
（1） 她既然已升級，就和原先的上司平起平坐了。
答案：Now that she has been promoted she is on equal terms with her ex-boss.
（2） 他和我力氣一樣大.
答案： He's my equal in strength.
選擇填空
（1） Tom _____ John in age.
A. is equal with B. is equal to C. equals to D. equals with
答案: B
（2）Boys and girls are born _____.
A. equal B.equally C.equals D.equality
答案：A equal 不是用來修飾動詞，而是用來形容人的，說男女是平等的
（3）one plus one ___ two.
A. equal B. equals C. is equal D. equality
答案： B
9. struggle n.
1） 奮斗;斗爭 (+for/against/with)
The struggle between the two teams was hard.
這兩個隊之間的斗爭很艱苦。
2） 努力;使勁;掙扎 (+for)
3） 難事
拓展：vi.
1）奮斗;斗爭 (+for/against/with)/( +to-v)
They struggled for peace.
他們?yōu)楹推蕉鴳?zhàn)。
The old man has been struggling with illness.
這位老人一直在與病魔斗爭。
2)努力;使勁;掙扎 (+for) /(+to-v)
She struggled to keep back the tears.
她努力忍住淚水。
The baby struggled in its mother's arms.
嬰兒在母親懷抱中掙扎。
3) 艱難地行進
The wounded soldier struggled in the forest.
受傷的士兵在森林中艱難地行進。
vt.
1) 費力搬動或放置
They struggled the heavy file cabinet into the elevator.
他們使勁把沉重的檔案柜搬進電梯。
運用：翻譯下列詞組
1）與…進行抗?fàn)?br>答案：struggle with
2）掙扎著站起來
答案：struggle to one’s feet
3）為反對…作抗?fàn)?br>答案：struggle against:
4）為…努力或掙扎
答案：struggle for:
10. protest n.
1) 抗議,異議,反對[C][U]
The demonstration was a protest against the rise in tuition and fees.
此次示威是抗議學(xué)雜費上漲。
2)斷言,聲明
拓展：
protest vi.
抗議,反對 (+about/against/at)
Crowds of pacifists protested against the war.
成群的和平主義者抗議這場戰(zhàn)爭。
protest vt.
1）力言,斷言,聲明 (that)
The defendant protested that he had never been near the scene of the crime.
被告堅決聲辯他從來沒有在犯罪現(xiàn)場附近。
2）抗議,聲明,對...提出異議,反對
Many people protested the budget cuts.
許多人反對預(yù)算削減。
運用：翻譯下列句子
1）一大群人示威抗議暴力壓制。
答案：A large crowd protested the terrorization.
2）她聲明她是無辜的。
答案：She protests her innocence.
3）她堅決聲明她不曾做過那件事。
答案：She protested that she had never done it.
二. 重點詞組
1. agree with 后接某人 ，某人說的話，觀點， 決定，意見，看法
I agree with you/ what you said.
我同意你講的。
agree with 還可以表示食物，氣候符合某人。
Beef doesn't agree with me.
我不適合吃牛肉。
拓展：
agree 是個重要的單詞，常用的動詞短語有：
(1)agree to sth 后接 plan ,arrangement , suggestion 表示同意某人的計劃，建議或安排。
(2) agree to do sth. 同意做某事
(3)agree on sth.就...達成協(xié)議
(4)agreement n. 當(dāng)可數(shù)名詞表示“協(xié)議，協(xié)定”
reach /come to /arrive at an agreement 達成協(xié)議
(5)agreement 當(dāng)比可數(shù)名詞時表示“同意，一致” in agreement with 與…一致
I am quite agreement with your decision.
我完全同意你的決定。
運用：選擇填空
（1）He has____ to help us.
A.accepted B.agreed C.allowed D.permitted
答案： B agree to do sth. 同意做某事
(2) We agreed _____ here but he hasn't appeared yet.
A. to meet B. meeting C. having met D. to have met
答案： A agree to do sth. 同意做某事 D 與句意相矛盾。
(3) She decided to move to another city, because ____ doesn't agree____.
A. the climate; with him B. the climate; to him
C. he; with the climate D. he; to the climate
答案： A agree with 可以表示食物，氣候符合某人
2. try to do sth. 努力做某事
He is always trying to help the poor.
他總是努力幫助窮人。
拓展：
(1) try to do sth 強調(diào)動作，不表示成功與否
(2)manage to do sth.強調(diào)結(jié)果，“設(shè)法做成某事
(3) try doing sth. “常試做某事”
有些動詞后可接to do sth.也可接doing sth.但含義不一樣。如：
stop to do sth. 停下一件事去做另一件事
stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事
remember to do sth.記得去做某事
remember doing sth.記得已經(jīng)做了某事
mean to do sth.打算做某事
mean doing sth.意味著做某事
regret to do sth.遺憾做某事
regret doing sth. 干了某事后悔
運用：選擇填空
（1）She cannot stop ____ the house because she is busy making a meal.
A .cleaning B. to clean C. cleaned D. being cleaned
答案：B B 是作目的狀語，A 是作賓語。
(2) -- You should have thanked him.
--I meant ____, but when I was leaving I couldn't find him.
A. to B. to do C. doing it D. doing
答案： A 不定式的省略回答，do 去掉而to要保留。
(3) --You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting yesterday.
--Well, now I regret ___ that.
A. to do B. having done C. to have done D. to be doing
答案：B regret doing sth. 干了某事后悔
3. go to prison 坐牢
They went to prison for stealing.
他們因為盜竊而坐牢。
拓展：
(1) send /take sb. to prison; throw /cast sb. into prison;
put sb. in /into prison 都可以表示“把某人投入監(jiān)獄”這些詞組表示動作。
(2) be in prison 在坐牢（表狀態(tài)）
(3) come out of prison 出獄（表動作）
(4)be out of prison 出獄 （表狀態(tài)）
有些名詞前加冠詞不加冠詞意思區(qū)別很大。 加冠詞表示“場所，地點”，不加表示與之相關(guān)的行為。
go to school上學(xué) go to the school去這個學(xué)校
go to the church去教堂 go to church 去做禮拜
be in hospital 住院 be in the hospital 在醫(yī)院里
運用：改錯
(1) On Sundays, he always goes to the church.
答案：去掉 the go to church 意思為“去做禮拜”。
(2) Leaving school of his working for 15 years, he went to France for further study.
答案：school前加 the 表示特指。 leave school 意思為“畢業(yè)”。
三.重點句型
1. If possible, try to guess the answer.如果可能，設(shè)法猜出答案。
拓展： If possible為省略句，實際上是If it is possible。在時間，地點，條件，方式或讓步狀語從句中，
如果從句謂語動詞是 be或 含有 be動詞且主語又和主句的主語一致，或者從句的主語為 it，謂語動詞是be，
常常把從句的主語和謂語動詞be 省略。
If necessary, I will help you.
假如必要的話，我將幫你。
When it is completed, the museum will be open to the public next year.
來年博物館竣工后將對公眾開放。
運用： 選擇填空
（1） He advised me not to say anything until ______.
A. asked B.ask C.be asked D. I asked
答案： A 完整的句子為until I was asked
(2) Unless ___ to speak,you should remain silent at the conference.
A. invited B.having invited C.being invited D.inviting
答案： A 完整的句子為until you are invited to speak,
2. 表示“花費”的句型
拓展：
(1)sb spend time/money in doing sth 某人花時間/錢做某事
sb spend time /money on sth某人在某事上花時間/錢
(2)It costs sb money to do sth 花費某人多少錢去做某事
sth cost sb money 某物花費某人多少錢
(3)做某事花時間
It takes sb time to do sth
sth take sb time
sb take time to do sth
(4) 做某事浪費時間/錢
sb wastes time /money in doing sth
sb wastes time /money on sth
運用： 翻譯
我花了10元買了這本書。
答案：1. I spent 10 yuan on the book./
2. I spent 10 yuan in buying the book. /

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